Orthography īefore the 20th century, Malay was written in a local modified form of the Arabic alphabet known as Jawi. Jawi is considered an ethnic script for use on Singaporean identity cards. Singaporean Malay is officially written in the Latin-based Rumi script, though some Singaporean Malays also learn the Arabic-based Jawi script. It is used in the national anthem " Majulah Singapura", in citations of Singaporean orders and decorations and in military commands. It has a symbolic, rather than functional purpose. Malay was designated as a national language by the Singaporean government after independence from Britain in the 1960s to avoid friction with Singapore's Malay-speaking neighbours of Malaysia and Indonesia. Bahasa Malaysia and Bahasa Melayu are used interchangeably in reference to Malay in Malaysia. In Indonesia, "Indonesian Malay" usually refers to the vernacular varieties of Malay spoken by the Malay peoples of Indonesia, that is, to Malay as a regional language in Sumatra, though it is rarely used.
In Malaysia, the terms "Indonesian Malay" and "Malaysian Malay" are sometimes used for Indonesian and Malaysian as spoken in Malaysia. Moreover, to some Indonesians, the term "Malay" is more often associated with Malaysia and the Malaysian variety of Malay. Javanese, Sundanese, Buginese, Balinese, Batak languages and others. Thus, "Malay" is considered a regional language ( bahasa daerah) in Indonesia, enjoying the same status as e.g. The term "Malay" is usually reserved for the forms of Malay indigenous to the Malay ethnic group (the national standardized language of Malaysia and the non-standard idioms of Malay people, including those used by Malay Indonesians). Indonesian is the national language which serves as the unifying language of Indonesia despite being a standardized form of Malay, it is not referred to with the term "Malay" in common parlance. In Indonesia, however, there is a clear distinction between "Malay language" ( bahasa Melayu) and "Indonesian" ( bahasa Indonesia). In Brunei, where Malay is also an official language, the language is known as Bahasa Melayu and in English as "Malay". Therefore, there was no clear distinction between the use of the term Malay ( Bahasa Melayu) and the national language of Malaysia ( Bahasa Malaysia). Between 19, the term Bahasa Melayu was used instead of Bahasa Malaysia, until the latter was reinstated, in order to instill a sense of belonging among Malaysians of all races, rather than just Malays. To Malaysians, the Malay language is generally understood as the national language of Malaysia, with Malaysian language ( Bahasa Malaysia) being a precise appellation for the Malay variety used in the country.
The term "Malay language" ( Bahasa Melayu) in Indonesia and Malaysia invites different perceptions from its respective people. The Malay language in Indonesia and Malaysia also differs in recognition, where in Malaysia it enjoys status as the national language ( Malaysian language), while in Indonesia it is considered a regional language in Malay-speaking areas such as the eastern coast of Sumatra and West Kalimantan.
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Another example is Malaysian TV providing Malay subtitling on Indonesian sinetrons (TV dramas) aired in Malaysia, and vice versa. In order to reach a wider audience, both Indonesian and Malay subtitles are sometimes displayed in a movie, along with other language subtitles.
They affect the broadcasting industry with regard to foreign language subtitling, for example, in DVD movies and on cable TV. To non-native speakers the two varieties may seem identical, but to native speakers the differences are noticeable through both diction and accent.
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